A hydrocyclone is a common separation and classification device featuring a simple structure and high classification efficiency, making it widely used in the mining and chemical industries. The following is a brief introduction:

　　Structural Components: It primarily consists of a shell, feed pipe, overflow pipe, and grit nozzle. The shell is typically made of wear-resistant materials, and its internal design influences slurry flow and classification efficiency. The feed pipe serves as the slurry inlet, and different models employ different feeding methods, such as volute, involute, or tangential. The overflow pipe is the discharge channel for fine-grained slurry, while the grit nozzle is used to discharge coarse-grained slurry.

　　Operating Principle: A two-phase or multi-phase mixture, such as liquid-liquid or liquid-solid, with a certain density difference enters the Hydrocyclone tangentially at a constant pressure, generating a high-speed rotating flow field within the cylindrical chamber. The denser component moves axially downward and radially outward, exiting the underflow outlet, forming an external vortex flow field. The less dense component moves toward the central axis, forming an upward internal vortex, and exits the overflow outlet, thus achieving two-phase separation. Main Types: Classifying Hydrocyclones can be divided into hydrocyclones for classification, dewatering, desludging, deslagging, concentrating, and tailings dry discharge, among others. Classifying hydrocyclones include single-stage and two-stage hydrocyclones. Single-stage hydrocyclones are often used with a single-stage ball mill in a closed-circuit grinding and classification cycle, while two-stage hydrocyclones are used for secondary inspection, control, and classification of various metal and non-metallic ores.

　　Product Features: They offer high classification efficiency, simple structure, small footprint, easy installation and operation, and low operating costs. Compared to commonly used spiral classifiers, they offer classification efficiency improvements of 5%-10%, which helps improve mill utilization.

　　Applications: In the mining industry, they are widely used for classification, desludging, concentrating, and sorting. They are also used in wet desulfurization in power plants, lime slurrying, crude oil deslagging, tap water desanding, and sewage treatment, effectively removing coarse sand, metal, and other particulate matter from slurries. Operational Precautions: Before a test run, ensure connections are securely fastened and remove any debris from pipes. During operation, valves must be fully open or closed; half-open positions are not permitted. A test run can be performed with clean water. The equipment should operate at a pressure no higher than 0.3 MPa. Carefully inspect connections for leaks and blockages. If any blockage is detected, immediately close the feed valve and remove the obstruction.

　　Common Problems and Solutions: Common problems include blockage of the feed or grit inlet and severe equipment vibration. A blockage in the feed inlet will reduce overflow and grit flow, while a blockage in the grit inlet will reduce or even stop the grit flow. Blockages can be prevented by adding a chip screen to the feed tank. Severe equipment vibration may be caused by factors such as excessive feed flow fluctuations. A flow stabilizer can be installed to stabilize the flow.